Working principle of air compressor
The air compressor is the main body of the air source device, which is a device that converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into gas pressure energy. It is a pressure generating device for compressed air and a mechanical device that uses the principle of air compression to produce compressed air that exceeds atmospheric pressure.
1、 Principle of screw air compressor
Screw compressor is a volumetric compressor with spiral rotation, and is currently one of the most widely used volumetric compressors in the world.
In the body of the compressor, there is a pair of spiral rotors that mesh with each other in parallel. Usually, thicker teeth are referred to as male rotors or male screws; The thin tooth shape is called a female rotor or female screw. Generally, the male rotor is connected to the prime mover, and the male rotor drives the female rotor to rotate. The ball bearing on the exhaust end of the rotor enables axial positioning of the rotor and withstands axial forces in the compressor. Set up holes of a certain shape and size at both ends of the compressor body. One for inhalation, called an inhalation port; The other is for exhaust, called the exhaust port. (Generally intake from top and exhaust from bottom).
The working cycle of a screw compressor can be divided into three processes: suction (1), compression (2) (3), and exhaust (4). As the rotor rotates, each pair of meshing teeth completes the same working cycle one after another. The volume occupied by the gas sealed in the interdental volume decreases with the movement of the teeth, leading to an increase in pressure and thus achieving the compression process of the gas. When the interdental volume is connected to the exhaust port, the exhaust process begins.
2、 Principle of single screw air compressor
The working principle of a single screw air compressor is through the interaction and rotation of two star wheels, as their configuration is symmetrical, the space is divided into two parts, and each part compresses the gas inside to balance the force.
3、 Principle of piston air compressor
The working principle of a piston type air compressor is to use a crank connecting rod mechanism to transform the rotational motion of the prime mover into the linear reciprocating motion of the piston, and to use the automatic opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valves to suck in, compress, and discharge gas. Because the method used is relatively backward, the gas will contain a large amount of oil, and this type of equipment is not suitable for industries that require high gas accuracy.
4、 Principle of sliding vane compressor air compressor
The sliding vane compressor adopts traditional technology and is driven directly at a lower speed. The rotor is a continuously running component with several grooves cut along the length direction, which are inserted with sliding plates that can slide on the oil film.
The rotor rotates in the stator of the cylinder, and during the rotation, centrifugal force throws the sliding plates out of the slots, forming individual compression chambers. The rotation continuously reduces the volume of the compression chambers and increases the air pressure.
Because the method used is relatively backward, the gas will contain a large amount of engine oil. At this time, what is needed is an oil gas separator to filter it clean before it can be put into production. This type of equipment is not suitable for industries that require high gas accuracy.
5、 Principle of centrifugal compressor
The working principle of a centrifugal compressor is that when air enters the machine, the impeller inside will rotate rapidly, and the gas will then enter the diffuser, gradually completing compression. Its most significant advantages are energy-saving, large exhaust volume, low failure rate, low operating cost, and oil-free compressed air.
1、 Principle of screw air compressor
Screw compressor is a volumetric compressor with spiral rotation, and is currently one of the most widely used volumetric compressors in the world.
In the body of the compressor, there is a pair of spiral rotors that mesh with each other in parallel. Usually, thicker teeth are referred to as male rotors or male screws; The thin tooth shape is called a female rotor or female screw. Generally, the male rotor is connected to the prime mover, and the male rotor drives the female rotor to rotate. The ball bearing on the exhaust end of the rotor enables axial positioning of the rotor and withstands axial forces in the compressor. Set up holes of a certain shape and size at both ends of the compressor body. One for inhalation, called an inhalation port; The other is for exhaust, called the exhaust port. (Generally intake from top and exhaust from bottom).
The working cycle of a screw compressor can be divided into three processes: suction (1), compression (2) (3), and exhaust (4). As the rotor rotates, each pair of meshing teeth completes the same working cycle one after another. The volume occupied by the gas sealed in the interdental volume decreases with the movement of the teeth, leading to an increase in pressure and thus achieving the compression process of the gas. When the interdental volume is connected to the exhaust port, the exhaust process begins.
2、 Principle of single screw air compressor
The working principle of a single screw air compressor is through the interaction and rotation of two star wheels, as their configuration is symmetrical, the space is divided into two parts, and each part compresses the gas inside to balance the force.
3、 Principle of piston air compressor
The working principle of a piston type air compressor is to use a crank connecting rod mechanism to transform the rotational motion of the prime mover into the linear reciprocating motion of the piston, and to use the automatic opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valves to suck in, compress, and discharge gas. Because the method used is relatively backward, the gas will contain a large amount of oil, and this type of equipment is not suitable for industries that require high gas accuracy.
4、 Principle of sliding vane compressor air compressor
The sliding vane compressor adopts traditional technology and is driven directly at a lower speed. The rotor is a continuously running component with several grooves cut along the length direction, which are inserted with sliding plates that can slide on the oil film.
The rotor rotates in the stator of the cylinder, and during the rotation, centrifugal force throws the sliding plates out of the slots, forming individual compression chambers. The rotation continuously reduces the volume of the compression chambers and increases the air pressure.
Because the method used is relatively backward, the gas will contain a large amount of engine oil. At this time, what is needed is an oil gas separator to filter it clean before it can be put into production. This type of equipment is not suitable for industries that require high gas accuracy.
5、 Principle of centrifugal compressor
The working principle of a centrifugal compressor is that when air enters the machine, the impeller inside will rotate rapidly, and the gas will then enter the diffuser, gradually completing compression. Its most significant advantages are energy-saving, large exhaust volume, low failure rate, low operating cost, and oil-free compressed air.